What is Captioning?
Just as a caption in a book is the text under a picture, captions on video are text located somewhere on the picture. Since there is no way for a television to put text outside the area of the picture tube, captions do end up covering a portion of the picture (there are non-broadcast applications where this can be done).

CLOSED captions are captions that are hidden in the video signal, invisible without a special decoder. The place they are hidden is called line 21 of the vertical blanking interval (VBI).

OPEN captions are captions that have been decoded, so they have become an integral part of the television picture, like subtitles in a movie. In other words, open captions cannot be turned off. The term "open captions" is also used to refer to subtitles created with a character generator.

Personal Captioning System
The Mission of PERSONAL CAPTIONING SYSTEMS, INC. is to provide all deaf and hard-of-hearing persons equal access to public places by providing discreet captioning using electronic, computer and optical technology. Includes purchase information for clip-on caption glasses and wireless caption screens.

At VLI our goal is simple: Provide the best sign language interpreting and CART services available. That's it. How do we labor to attain that goal? For starters, by providing our customers with our National Certification Guarantee. By hiring the most passionate and skilled practitioners. By finding innovative ways to provide tailored customer service. And that's just for starters. Please take a moment to explore our site and see what makes VLI different.

CART Services & Realtime Captioning

-Cartinfo.org

National Court Reporters Association
NCRA is committed to being the leader in advancing the profession of those who capture and integrate the spoken word into a comprehensive and accurate information base for the benefit of the public and private sectors. NCRA accomplishes this through ethical standards, testing and certification, educational opportunities, communications, government relations, research and analysis, and fiscal responsibility.

Machine Shorthand Information Site
The Machine Shorthand Info Site provides directories to aid court reporters and court reporting students with information on State Associations and Organizations, Reporting Agencies, Captioning Companies, CART Providers, Scoping and Proofreading, Law Enforcement Transcription, Business Transcription, Schools, Seminars and Workshops, Educational Product Vendors, Software and Hardware Vendors, Product Vendors, Service Vendors. We also provide links to individual reporter and student sites and related reference sites. The History Center contains photos of various Steno machines used through the years of the court reporting industry.

Caption Cart
A Journal of Court Reporting Column by Gary Robson

CaptionFirst.com
Caption First is a privately held corporation that was founded in 1989 for the purpose of providing realtime captioning. There is a tremendous need for CART services. We provide CART at many different events including counseling sessions, meetings, teleconferences, seminars, classrooms and conventions.

Captioned Media Program
The mission of the Captioned Media Program is to provide all persons who are deaf or hard of hearing awareness of and equal access to communication and learning through the use of captioned educational media and supportive collateral materials. Entering the twenty-first century, the ultimate goal of the CMP is to permit media to be an integral part in the lifelong learning process for all stakeholders in the deaf and hard of hearing community: adults, students, parents, and educators.

InSight Cinema